Prevention Approaches
In order to achieve behavior change, Partners in Prevention recommends
a comprehensive approach to prevention using four strategies.
Evaluation and Research
Partners in Prevention is committed to on-going evaluation of its programs
and services as well as the behaviors of Missouri college students.
Training and Technical Assistance
One of the goals of Partners in Prevention is to provide training and
technical assistance services to the institutional members.
Social Norms Marketing Statewide
PIP has also worked with partnering colleges and universities to develop
and underwrite social norms marketing for the twelve campuses, examining
CORE survey data.
Campus/Community Coalition Development
Partners in Prevention and Partners in Environmental Change, PIP’s
sister coalition dedicated to reducing underage drinking, currently support
the development and growth of campus/community coalitions in each of
the twelve PIP communities.
PIEC
Partners in Environmental Change is a statewide coalition dedicated to
reducing underage drinking among Missouri’s college students.
Each Partners in
Prevention institution has designed strategic plans for prevention
using a comprehensive approach rooted in four strategies:
Environmental
Management:
An integrated
combination of programs, policies and education designed to create
a campus and community environment that supports and encourages
good decision making about alcohol and other drugs. Environmental
management strategies employed on the twelve campuses include coalition
building, policy refinement and enforcement, and law enforcement
operations. For more information on Environmental Management, visit http://www.edc.org/hec/framework/
Social
Norming:
Students drink to the extent that they think their peers are drinking.
At the same time they overestimate how much their peers are drinking.
As a result, they drink to keep up with an imaginary peer group that
does not exist. If we educate them as to how much their peers actually
drink students will, in fact, drink less. For more information on
Social Norming, visit these websites:
http://www.socialnorm.org/ (Internet
Explorer only)
http://www.edc.org/hec/socialnorms/
Prevention
Education:
Peer Education and other planned activities which educate students
about their health decisions. For more information on Peer Education,
visit:
http://www.bacchusgamma.org
Harm
Reduction:
Initiatives, such as designated driver programs and counseling interventions
for at-risk students, which assist students engaging in high risk
behavior, manage those risks through behavior modification.
For more information
on the statewide Missouri designated driver program, visit:
http://cheers.missouri.edu/
For more information
on motivational interviewing, see:
http://www.motivationalinterview.org/
For more information
on the Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students
(BASICS), see:
http://www.modelprograms.samhsa.gov/
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Applications
and Outcomes:
The Core Alcohol and Drug Survey was developed in 1989 to assess the
nature, scope, and consequences of alcohol and other drug use on college
campuses. This survey was expanded in 1994 to include assessment of
students’ perceptions and beliefs about alcohol and other drug
(AOD) use and AOD-related sexual behavior and violence.
For each behavior
measured, an item score can be obtained. Quantity and frequency of
use is measured by annual prevalence of use for all drugs and alcohol,
30-day use for all drugs and alcohol, average number of drinks per
week, binge drinking within the last two weeks, and change in drinking
and drug use in the past 12 months. Problem-related questions measure
19
consequences of drinking and drug use by frequency of occurrence.
Another set of
questions measures AOD-related incidents of violence. Several items
also measure perception of risk, perception of others’ use,
and perception of campus environment. Social beliefs about the effects
of alcohol are measures by 14 items using a forced-choice yes/no
format. There are questions that assess other campus variables, such
as the extent of participation in campus activities, frequency of
refusal behavior, and interference from others’ drinking in
student’ life on or around campus.
Format
and Administration:
The long-form version of the self-report Core Alcohol and Drug Survey
includes 39 question on use and consequences, as well as demographics.
The short-form version includes 23 questions. Individual questions
have between 2 and 19 response options. The most common methods of
administration are to mail surveys to a randomly selected subset of
students or to administer surveys in randomly selected classrooms.
Each method is discussed in the Core Survey User’s Manual. Colleges
can have the results of the survey analyzed by the Core Institute.
The long form of the survey takes from 20 to 35 minutes for respondents
to complete.
Use in
Evaluation:
The Core Alcohol and Drug Survey is one of the most rigorously developed
survey instruments of postsecondary populations. Its original intent
was to assess only the frequency and consequences of AOD use. After
hundreds of two- and four-year institutions of higher education had
used the Core Survey, many requests were received to expand the content
of the survey to include other aspects of campus life related to substance
issues. Consequently, the survey was expanded to include questions
on sexuality, campus violence, institutional climate, perception of
AOD use, and extracurricular activity involvement. Development of both
the original and expanded Core Survey followed strict American Psychological
Association (APA) guidelines for test development.
The instrument is not used to diagnose alcohol dependency in individuals
but rather to assess the level and impact of alcohol and other drug
use on campus. It is a valuable tool for determining how to target
populations for prevention programming, designing social marketing
and media advocacy campaigns, and assessing the impact of these prevention
efforts.
Source: U.S. Department of Higher Education
(1998). Selecting the right tool: A Compendium of Alcohol
and Other Drug Assessment and Evaluation Instruments for
Use in Higher Education. Newton, MA: The Higher Education
Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention.
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Copies of all brochures
from Partners in Prevention are available in any quantity for Partners
in Prevention members. A limited quantity (100) is also available for
institutions of higher education in Missouri not involved in Partners
in Prevention.
PDF Downloads
Women and Alcohol Brochure
What is Your Degree Worth?
Ecstasy
Date Rape Drugs
Don’t Press Your Luck
brochure
Don’t Press Your Luck poster
Order
Form
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Partners in Prevention
and Partners in Environmental Change, PIP’s
sister coalition dedicated to reducing underage drinking, currently support
the development and growth of campus/community coalitions in each of
the twelve PIP communities. These coalitions meet regularly to discuss
issues related to high risk drinking, underage drinking, and other college
health issues.
Downloads
Assessing
Community Coalitions
Campus Community Coalition Assessment Instrument
Six Elements of Coalition Effectiveness
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Monthly Meetings
and Networking
On the first Friday of each month, professionals, law enforcement, and
students from the 12 PIP campuses meet in Columbia, Missouri for their
monthly meeting. This is a time for campuses to share struggles, challenges,
and success stories as well as to be trained on some of the hottest issues
in prevention. Meetings are held in Columbia, Missouri. The tentative
meeting schedule for 2005 is:
February 4th
May 6th
June 3rd
August 5th
September 2nd
October 7th
November 4th
December 2nd
Drive-in
Workshops
Since its inception, PIP has sponsored several state-wide trainings and
drive-in workshops for Missouri prevention professionals and representatives
from relevant state agencies. Since 2000, Partners in Prevention has
sponsored the following drive-in workshops:
Legal Issues in
Higher Education
Grant Writing
BASICS (Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students)
and Motivational Interviewing
Grant Writing
Problem Gambling Among College Students
Suicide in College
Site Visits
PIP sponsors comprehensive prevention efforts on all 12 member campuses,
which are driven by institution-specific strategic plans for prevention.
Each campus has had a “Partners in Prevention site visit”,
which helps campuses to identify areas of growth for their strategic
plan. Several campuses have had second site visits.
Meeting of
the Minds
In the spring, PIP coordinates and hosts an annual prevention conference,
Meeting of the Minds. The conference provides an opportunity for colleges,
universities, and state agencies to send representatives to share ideas,
collect new resources, and interact with other prevention professionals
in Missouri as well as other neighboring states. Meeting of the Minds
presents two days of conference sessions about alcohol and other drug
use, campus/community collaboration, peer education, research design
and methodologies, and other wellness issues.
Visit
the Meeting of the Minds website
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Partners in Environmental
Change is a statewide coalition dedicated to reducing underage drinking
among Missouri’s college students.
The main focus of the PIEC proposal is to empower law enforcement,
campus judicial officers and prevention professionals from colleges
throughout the state to become change agents in their communities.
These change agents will help create a campus, city and state environment
that supports good decision making in regard to alcohol by the college
students who attend the higher education institutions in the State
of Missouri. They become empowered through support materials, trainings,
incentive programs, communication networks, and effective evaluations.
This coalition promotes effective environmental management strategies
that utilize coalition building, policy review, and limiting students'
access to alcohol.
Initiatives
Undertaken By PIEC:
- Funding for training
campus judicial officers, and campus and community law enforcement
- Attendance of
law enforcement and judicial members at monthly meetings
- Relevant trainings
provided to members throughout the year
- Technical assistance
provided to members
- Participation
of members on local campus/community coalitions
- Supported state
law HB 36 Keg Registration, which was passed into law
- Send members to
local, state, and national conferences for professional development
and training
- Provided equipment
to communities to help reduce underage drinking
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PIP has also worked
with partnering colleges and universities to develop and underwrite
social norms marketing for the twelve campuses, examining CORE survey
data. Integrating social norms strategies is a promising practice for
developing a comprehensive plan for prevention.
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